Feeder 2.3

Stonequist, Everett V. (1937). The Marginal Man, New York: Charles Scribner & Sons.  

(Stonequist, Everett V. The Problem of the Marginal Man. Chicago: The University Of Chicago Press, 1935. 24-25. Print.)

• Stonequist argues on “the unwillingness of White society to distinguish between what he calls "mixed bloods" (mulattoes) and "full bloods" (Blacks).” Evidence comes from studies, as Stonequist is a sociologist. The unwillingness described by Stonequist affects biracial people. I have personally experienced what Stonequist speaks on.

Howell, Jennifer L., Sarah E. Gaither, and Kate A. Ratliff. "Article Caught in the Middle: Defensive Responsesto IAT Feedback Among Whites, Blacks,and Biracial Black/Whites." (2014): N. pag. Web.

• Study done by the author’s suggests that people are defensive in response to feedback indicating that their implicit attitudes differ from their explicit attitudes. Surveys given to white people on to show views and opinions of the opposite and biracial race. In my script I speak on how people need to reflect on their beliefs and actions towards biracial people to see how they truly and implicitly feel about them. Many people share a feeling of indignity when faced with the possibility that they themselves do not hold an egalitarian view toward different races, even if that is the case.

Bradt, Steve. 'One-Drop Rule' Persists (2010): N. pag. Web.

• The One-Drop Rule, although being more of an accepted idea now than a rule or law, is the thought that if there is one drop of African American ancestry in someones bloodline then they are considered African American. If this was the case then many white people would be considered African American. This is an example as to a tool white people used, and still use, to systematically categorize blacks, even if they may not have much black ancestry. Many people consider biracial people to be part of their own minority instead of just apart of both races they represent.

Rockquemore, Kerry A., and Tracey Laszloffy. Raising Biracial Children. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2005.Harvard Educational Review. Web.

• Raising Biracial Children argues that most schools and communities lack a clear understanding of the unique experiences and needs of mixed-race children. The authors draw on their experience as  family therapists and their research on racial socialization and identity development as it pertains to the “one drop” rule and the current idea of “blended identity.” It builds off the one drop rule mentioned in my earlier citation and pertains to the troubles of cognitive development in biracial children.

Melnick, Meredith. "Passing as Black: How Biracial Americans Choose Identity." TIME. N.p., 16 Dec. 2010. Web. 24 Mar. 2015.

• “Passing” is a term used to describe the act of biracial people choosing one ethnic identity over the other. In Jim Crow times biracial people often identified simply with their white side to avoid racism and harm. The author argues that, based on a study by sociologists, people of biracial decent are now choosing to “pass” as black insteaf of white. One main reason for this is because Americans cannot tell the difference between blacks and biracial people.